Grade 7
Our Capt Nathan Hale Middle School Curriculum Guides provide an overview of our comprehensive academic program for our students in Grades 6, 7, and 8. Our curriculum is standards based, aligning with the Connecticut Core Standards which indicate what a student should know and be able to do at each grade level, and state and national standards in the content areas. Taken together, the standards, our high quality curriculum, and outstanding instruction will prepare every student for life, learning, and work in the 21st century and allow us to develop empowered learners who have the knowledge, skills, and habits of mind to thrive as members of a complex society.
- English & Language Arts
- Mathematics
- Science
- Social Studies
- Art Program
- Music Program
- Physical Education Program
- Health Program
- Library Media Program
- STEM Program
- World Language Program
English & Language Arts
Our Grade 7 program offers an integrated model of literacy in which reading, writing, and speaking and listening skills are closely connected. Students comprehend and evaluate complex texts across a range of types and disciplines and adapt their communications in relation to audience, task, purpose, and discipline. Students develop the ability to gather, comprehend, evaluate, synthesize, and report on information and ideas and to conduct original research in order to answer questions or solve problems.
Units
- Fiction Appreciation-Nutmeg Books
- Dystopian Literature-The Individual vs. Society
- Social Injustices
- Struggle for Survival
Fiction Appreciation-Nutmeg Books
Dystopian Literature-The Individual vs. Society
- Students identify the elements of dystopian fiction through the whole class study of a dystopian novel, and reading in book groups, they engage in further analysis of the application of those elements in different texts.
- Students continue development of skills in argumentative writing, supporting claims in an analysis of important topics, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.
Social Injustices
- Through a variety of texts, students discover how historical fiction depicts the social and cultural context of events through the eyes of a fictional character.
- Students compare and contrast a fictional portrayal of a time, place, and events with various historical accounts to understand how authors of fiction use or alter history.
- Students write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using descriptive details and well structured event sequences.
Struggle for Survival
- Through the study of survival stories, students determine central ideas and themes of texts and analyze their development.
- Students analyze how certain elements of a story such as setting, character, and plot interact, and they focus on the author's craft and use of language in a text to shape meaning and tone.
- Students write informational texts to convey ideas, concepts, and information with relevant facts, definitions, details, quotations, and examples.
Mathematics
In Grade 7, instructional time focuses on four critical areas:
- Developing understanding of and applying proportional relationships.
- Developing understanding of operations with rational numbers and working with expressions and linear equations.
- Solving problems involving scale drawings and informal geometric constructions, and working with two- and three-dimensional shapes to solve problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
- Drawing inferences about populations based on samples.
Units
- Geometry
- Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers
- Multiplying and Dividing Rational Numbers
- Ratios, Proportions, and Probability
- Percent
- Algebraic Expressions and Equations
- Algebraic Reasoning
- Statistics and Distribution
Geometry
- Students learn to use facts about supplementary, complementary, vertical, and adjacent angles in a multi-step problem to write and solve simple equations for an unknown angle in a figure.
- Students solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, volume and surface area of two- and three-dimensional objects.
Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers
- Students apply and extend previous understandings of addition and subtraction to add and subtract rational numbers in real-world and mathematical situations; represent addition and subtraction on a horizontal or vertical number line diagram.
- Students solve multi-step real-life and mathematical problems posed with positive and negative rational numbers in any form (whole numbers, fractions, and decimals), using tools strategically.
- Students apply properties of operations to calculate with numbers in any form; convert between forms as appropriate; and assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies.
Multiplying and Dividing Rational Numbers
- Students apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division and of fractions to multiply and divide rational numbers in real-world and mathematical situations.
- Students solve multi-step real-life and mathematical problems posed with positive and negative rational numbers in any form (whole numbers, fractions, and decimals), using tools strategically.
- Students apply properties of operations to calculate with numbers in any form; convert between forms as appropriate; and assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies.
Ratios, Proportions, and Probability
- Students analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
- Students compute unit rates associated with ratios of fractions, including ratios of lengths, areas and other quantities measured in like or different units.
- Students recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.
- Students use proportional relationships to solve multistep ratio and percent problems.
- Students investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.
Percent
Algebraic Expressions and Equations
- Students apply properties of operations as strategies to add, subtract, factor, and expand linear expressions with rational coefficients.
- Students understand that rewriting an expression in different forms in a problem context can shed light on the problem and how the quantities in it are related.
- Students use variables to represent quantities in a real-world or mathematical problem, and construct simple equations and inequalities to solve problems by reasoning about the quantities.
Algebraic Reasoning
Statistics and Distribution
- Students understand that statistics can be used to gain information about a population by examining a sample of the population if the sample is representative of that population.
- Students use measures of center and measures of variability for numerical data from random samples to draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.
Science
Students in Grades 6-8 demonstrate greater capacity for connecting knowledge across, and between, the physical sciences, life sciences, earth and space sciences, and engineering design. Students form deeper connections between concepts such as collecting evidence and drawing conclusions, understanding relationships between objects, and critical thinking that leads to designing effective solutions for problems. In their middle school science program students learn about:
- Physical and chemical interactions that affect the world around us
- Factors that affect organism survival and reproduction
- Factors that influence our earth and our solar system, and
- How to optimize design solutions
Units
Fireworks
- In order to explain why fireworks explode with displays of light and color, seventh grade students use hands-on explorations to figure out, “When new materials form,what stays the same and what changes?”
- Through simulations and research of elements and compounds they determine “How can particles combine to produce a substance with different properties?
- In the Hand Warmer Engineering performance task, students test the temperature changes of different mixtures to design the best mixture for an effective hand warmer.
Earth's Interacting Systems
- As context for the question“How does the movement of tectonic plates impact the surface of Earth?” students look at the geology of Connecticut.
- Building on earlier studies of sound, students describe how the reflection, absorption or transmission of seismic waves provide indirect evidence of the presence and materials of the Earth layers.
- While learning about how evidence for continental drift and sea-floor spreading, they investigate how heat and pressure affect the layers and cause the motions of plate tectonics.
- Rock evidence is used to determine the sequence and type of plate motions that created Connecticut.
Ecospheres and Ecosystem
- Students observe brine shrimp in a closed habitat called an Ecosphere.
- Exploring examples of different ecosystems, they figure out “How matter and energy move through an ecosystem.”
- Then in the Ecosphere Modeling performance task they create visual explanations of how the brine shrimp stay alive in the sealed habitat without feeding.
Social Studies
World Regional Studies is a two-year course for Grades 6 and 7. Students study at least eight world regions, and, through the lens of geography, they explore and learn about economies, history, and civics throughout the world. Relevant global issues provide opportunities for addressing multiple standards through focused inquiry, inviting students to generate and research compelling questions. The case study model is one approach that supports in-depth inquiry and allows students to explore regional themes through localized topics or issues. The study of the world’s regions and cultures requires that students generate and research compelling questions such as:
- How does where we live affect how we live?
- How and why do places change over time?
- What are the benefits and challenges that result from globalization?
- How has competition for resources and land affected the development of various regions and/or cultures?
- How do the natural resources in a particular place affect the culture and affect that region’s ability to be a part of the global community?
- What characteristics make groups of people unique?
- How does population density affect the availability of resources?
- Why are certain places more populated than others?
- How does technology influence connections among human settlements and the diffusion of culture?
- What are human rights?
Units
Concepts of the Geographer
- Geography is taught through the five themes:
- Location
- Place
- Movements
- Human/Environment Interaction
- Regions
- Students use maps, satellite images, photographs, and other representations to explain relationships between the location of places and regions and changes in their environmental characteristics.
- Students identify factors such as climate, access to water, trade, food sources, and resources which influence populations’ choice to settle in specific places and regions.
East Asia
- Students learn about the cultural richness of East Asia through a multi-lens view including ancient history, religion, geography, economics, government structures, and overall cultural elements.
- Students will explore the juxtaposition of tradition and modern elements in East Asia, examining historic elements in architecture, celebrations, religious elements and expressions, as well as modern elements reflected in human innovations.
Sub-Saharan Africa
- Students explore how the physical geography of many sub-Saharan African countries has contributed to a tribal form of government.
- Students evaluate the impact of European colonization on the culture, government, and economies of sub-Saharan African Regions.
- Students investigate the impact of human rights abuses on the people of sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., genocide in Rwanda and apartheid in South Africa).
South America
- Students investigate how the physical features and availability of natural resources of South America influence patterns and ways of making a living
- Students study the consequences of colonization on resources and markets as well as on indigenous cultures, population and environment
- Students research various topics related to the Amazon Rainforest including logging, deforestation, farming, and mining and propose solutions to the various threats facing the Amazon Rainforest.
Sub-Continental Asia
- Students explore how population increase and urbanization in addition to resource allocations have impacted the prosperity of people in South Asia
- Using text and media sources, students investigate the causes of the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 and discover how its effects impact life today.
Art Program
Focused on visual arts including traditional fine arts such as drawing, painting, sculpture, and ceramics, our Grade 7 program involves our students in four artistic processes: creating art, presenting art, responding to art, and connecting to art.
Units
Drawing
- Students study how artists create self-portraits not only to represent one’s physical attributes but also to announce their vocation as an artist, their place in society, or their style.
- Students discover how self-portraiture assists artists in skill development, understanding themselves, and telling stories.
- Using artistic elements such as line, space, symmetry, balance, and perspective, students draw self-portraits.
Color Theory
- Students differentiate between a variety of color schemes by analyzing, describing, interpreting and judging a selection of famous art reproductions and the techniques a variety of artists used to apply color theory
- Students will apply analogous and complementary color schemes and experiment with a variety of medias and techniques to express different feelings or emotions when creating an original work of art.
Ceramics
- Students explore and apply clay concepts and advanced slab building methods and decorative techniques to create a ceramic piece.
- Students study ceramics made by a wide variety of people across the world in different time periods, investigating how those objects reflect aspects of the culture of the place and time period in which they were produced.
Sculpture/Crafts
- Students view examples of craft/folk art from select countries of the Asian region, representing various cultures and historical periods, analyzing how factors of time and place influence visual characteristics that give meaning and value to the works.
- Students practice a variety of craft processes and create works of art that may include paper, wood, paper mache, fiber, printmaking, and textiles.
Music Program
The Grade 7 program provides students the opportunity to create, perform, and respond to music through a variety of experiences and activities. Music offers unique learning opportunities to explore individual creativity, artistic expression, and a more in-depth understanding of past and present cultures in our diverse world community. Music electives include band, choir, and general music.
Band
- Throughout the school year students discover that musicians evaluate and refine their work through openness to new ideas, and persistence.
- Students discern musical creators' and performers’ expressive intent through their use of elements and structures.
- Students learn to inform their personal evaluation of musical works and performances by analysis, interpretation, and established criteria.
- Students explore how other arts, disciplines, contexts, and daily life inform creating, performing and responding to music.
Chorus
- Students experience how creating and performing music differs from listening to music.
- Students develop skill in score reading, and they explore a variety of vocal techniques to change the quality of sound and express ideas and feelings.
- Through the application of a variety of ensemble techniques, students experience how an individual’s participation benefits the whole ensemble.
General Music
- Students practice reading and notating music to develop skills as musicians.
- Students learn to play the keyboard, developing music skills through performing, creating, responding to, and making connections outside of music.
- Students practice creating dialogue within a musical composition and using the elements of music to convey ideas and feelings.
- Through their study of jazz, blues, and rock and roll, students discover that each historical period of music has a unique set of characteristics with historical and social contexts.
Physical Education Program
Our Physical Education Program helps our students obtain the knowledge and skills they need to become physically educated. Our Grade 7 programming focuses on motor skills, concepts, and strategies related to physical activity, physical fitness, respectful social behavior during physical activity, and promoting the understanding of the benefits of physical activity.
Units
- Investigating the impact exercise and movement have on health and wellness, students discover that positive decision making about fitness contributes to an individual’s improved muscular strength and endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, and overall healthy lifestyle.
- Students practice and apply motor skills and movement patterns essential to a variety of sports including the following: frisbee, soccer, flag football, volleyball, basketball, weight training, tennis.
- Students discover that rules etiquette and strategy application in physical activity and sports can make the experience both enjoyable and successful
Health Program
Our Grade 7 program emphasizes teaching functional health information and essential knowledge, shaping personal values and beliefs that support healthy behaviors, shaping group norms that value a healthy lifestyle, and developing the essential health skills necessary to adopt, practice, and maintain health-enhancing behaviors. Grade 7 Health instruction is provided through physical education programming.
Alcohol, Nicotine, and Other Drugs:
- Distinguish between proper use and abuse of over-the-counter and prescription medicines.
- Summarize the negative consequences of using alcohol and other drugs.
- Explain why using alcohol or other drugs is an unhealthy way to manage stress.
- Describe short- and long-term physical, social and emotional effects of using ANOD’s (e.g., effects on organs, including brain, peer relationships, family relationships, self-esteem).
Healthy Relationships
- Describe characteristics of healthy relationships (communication, respect, trust, and boundaries).
- Differentiate between healthy and unhealthy relationships.
- Explain why it is wrong to tease others based on personal characteristics (such as body type, gender, appearance, mannerisms, and the way one dresses or acts).
- Explore strategies to address unhealthy relationships.
- Explain how the use of social media can positively and negatively impact relationships.
- Describe how consent is a foundational principle in healthy relationships.
Violence Prevention
- Explain the role of bystanders in escalating, preventing or stopping bullying, fighting, and violence.
- Describe short- and long term consequences of violence to perpetrators, victims, and bystanders.
- Describe strategies to avoid physical fighting and violence.
- Describe how the presence of weapons increases the risk of serious violent injuries.
- Define prejudice, discrimination, and bias.
Healthy Eating
- Summarize the physical, mental, social, and academic benefits of healthful eating habits and physical activity.
- Describe how to make healthy food choices when given options.
- Explain the importance of a healthy relationship with food (i.e., intuitive eating, moderation, food as fuel).
- Understand how to read food labels for the purpose of limiting the consumption of fats, added sugar, and sodium.
Sexual Health
- Describe reproductive body parts and their functions.
- Describe the menstrual cycle, the process of sperm production and the relationship to conception.
- Explain the significance of the physical changes in puberty.
- Identify resources, products, services related to supporting sexual health.
Optimal Wellness and Disease Prevention
- Describe the benefits of good hygiene practices.
- Describe the controllable factors that contribute to optimal wellness and chronic diseases (i.e., heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and osteoporosis).
- Summarize modes of transmission and health practices to prevent the spread of infectious diseases that are transmitted by food, air, indirect contact, and person-to-person contact.
Sexual Assault and Abuse Prevention
- Explain the term affirmative consent and what it looks like in words and/ or actions.
- Explain that no one has the right to touch anyone else in a sexual manner if they do not want to be touched.
- Demonstrate how to ask for help and to report mistreatment, harassment, abuse, and assault.
Mental and Emotional Health
- Recognize factors that lower self-worth (comparisons, perception vs. reality, social media, technology, internalizing negative external messages from media and peers).
- Recognize factors that increase self worth (recognizing strengths, growth mindset, confidence, competence).
- Explain the importance of telling an adult if there are people who are in danger of hurting themselves or others.
- Recognizing stressors, their impact on mind and body, and effective coping strategies.
- Describe characteristics of positive mental and emotional health.
- Identify trusted adults and resources for assistance.
Safety and Injury Prevention
- Identify the potential for injury in a variety of situations and environments.
- Describe ways to reduce risk of injuries while riding in or on a motor vehicle.
- Describe actions to change unsafe situations at home, in school and in the community.
- Describe ways to reduce risk of injuries from firearms.
Once every three years we provide a presentation to students in Grades 6-8 on firearm safety. Parents may choose to exempt their students from these presentations. Using developmentally age-appropriate instructional materials, our presentation focuses on the following key points:
- If you see an unattended firearm, leave it alone, do not touch it, and get an adult to put it away.
- Treat every firearm as if it is loaded.
- Never point a firearm at another person.
- Never touch a firearm unless an adult you trust supervises and assists you and you have your parents’ or guardians’ permission.
- If your family has firearms in the house, your friends may find it an irresistible temptation. Never show a firearm to another adolescent or to a young child.
- Firearms may be used responsibly and legally by some people participating in organized outdoor sporting clubs such as shooting/gun clubs, fish and game clubs, and hunting.
- Some students in the classroom may have fired, received training in safe firearm use or joined family members in hunting or target shooting.
- Firearms may be legally owned by individuals and families for purposes of self-protection.
- Firearm ownership and responsible use is a right that people should not be criticized for exercising; just as people who believe there should be more restrictions placed on firearm ownership should not be criticized for their views.
- Weapons of any type are not allowed in school. Understanding the importance of everyone’s role in maintaining the safety of the school community, always report any safety concerns to adults in the school building.
Skills for Healthy and Balanced Living
- Identify trusted adults and resources for assistance.
- Analyze the influence of family, peers, culture, media, technology, and other factors on health behaviors.
- Access valid information and services to enhance health.
- Use decision making skills and goal setting skills to enhance health.
- Advocate for personal, family, and community health.
Library Media Program
The CNH school library program provides resources, instruction, and services to empower learners to have the knowledge, skills, and habits of mind to thrive as members of a complex society and provides students access to information and technology, connecting learning to real-world events. In the library, learners engage with relevant information resources and digital learning opportunities. The Library Media Center promotes a culture of reading by providing access to high-quality print and digital reading materials that encourage students to become lifelong learners and readers.
Units
Identifying and Accessing Resources
Digital Citizenship
- As good digital citizens, students learn to communicate appropriately, protect privacy, behave honestly and safely online, research responsibly, and respect property.
- Students learn appropriate ways to incorporate ideas and information from research into their writing and develop skills in expressing their own original ideas and in citing sources correctly to attribute the ideas of others to the original source.
Literature Appreciation
- The Library Media Programs strives to foster an appreciation of reading in students and provides real world opportunities for students to engage with reading including author in residence visits and participation in reading and celebrating the annual Nutmeg Books.
- Students explore how published book reviews and promotions, as well as their prior experiences with authors, genres, and series help them make decisions about what to read.
Research
- Students apply best practices in research, learning how to access information critically, and link it to research questions.
- They identify and access tools and resources appropriate to the task and information available.
- Students practice evaluating the reliability of sources recognizing if they are relevant, authoritative, detailed, current, accurate, and unbiased.
- Students engage with a sequential research process applying a variety of strategies and inquiry based skills.
STEM Program
STEM Programming in Grade 7 involves students in engaging with the engineering and design process as they develop concepts and skills in working with a variety of tools, programs, and codes to support project based learning in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and computer science.
Units
- CAD Design
- Solar Ovens
- Videography-Stop Motion Videos
- Coding with Robots and Drones
- Engineering Design with Robotic Arms
CAD Design
Solar Ovens
Videography-Stop Motion Videos
Coding with Robots and Drones
Engineering Design with Robotic Arms
- Students continue to develop coding skills as they explore the functionalities of robotic arms, including picking up and moving objects, laser engraving and 3D printing.
- Students engage in the engineering design process to utilize the robotic arms to create a plaque to promote positivity in the school community.
World Language Program
Our World Language Program strives to educate students who are equipped linguistically and culturally to communicate successfully in a pluralistic American society and abroad. Students may elect to study Spanish, French, or Chinese, learning to communicate effectively in a variety of situations and for multiple purposes and interacting with others with cultural competence and understanding.
Units for Spanish, French, and Chinese
- Interpersonal Communication
- Culture
- Connections
- Language and Culture Comparisons
- School and Global Communities
Interpersonal Communication
- Students participate in conversation on familiar topics using sentences and series of sentences.
- They develop skill in handling short social interactions in everyday situations by asking and answering a variety of questions.
- Students write briefly about most familiar topics and present information using a series of simple sentences.
Culture
- Students read, listen to, observe, and/or perform expressive products of the culture such as stories, poetry, music, painting and explain the origin and importance of these products in today’s culture.
- Students observe, analyze, and exchange information on patterns of behavior typical of their peer group in the culture, such as observing and analyzing how different ways of greeting and leave-taking reflect the relationships between people in the target culture.
- Learners participate in age-appropriate cultural practices such as games (e.g., role of leaders, taking turns), sports, and entertainment (e.g., music, dance, drama).